Peer Pressure Research Paper - 4619 Words

Your peers are the people with whom you identify and spend time. In children and teens, they are usually, but not always, of the same age group. In adults, peers may be determined less by age and more by shared interests or professions. Peer pressure occurs when an individual experiences implied or expressed persuasion to adopt similar values, beliefs, and goals, or to participate in the same activities as those in the peer group. What Is Peer Pressure? Peer pressure exists for all ages. Three-year-old Robert insists that his mother take him to the store right away and buy him the latest fad toy because his friends have it. When she doesnt, he has a temper tantrum. Nine-year-old Sarah wears a new shirt to school once, then refuses to†¦show more content†¦Research suggests that this type of peer pressure contributes to a decline in the grades of African American students (especially males) as early as the first through fourth grades. In study after study, peer pressure is associated in adolescents of all ethnic and racial backgrounds with at-risk behaviors such as cigarette smoking, truancy, drug use, sexual activity, fighting, shoplifting, and daredevil stunts. Again, peer group values and attitudes influence more strongly than do family values the level of teenage alcohol use. The more accepting peers are of risky behavior, and the more they participate in that behavior, the more likely a person is to do the same thing. Regardless of the parenting style, peer pressure also influences the degree to which children conform to expected gender roles. For example, up until about grade six, girls performance as well in science and math as boys, but during adolescence girls test scores and level of expressed interest in these subjects declines. The tendency is to abandon competition with boys in favor of placing more emphasis on relationships and on physical appearance. Physical appearance is extremely important to teenagers. Young people are all too well aware that the group may reject them simply because they look different or dress differently. Jeff, who wanted to haveShow MoreRelatedPeer Pressure Research Paper8305 Words   |  34 PagesA Research Paper Good Friends and Not†¦ In Partial Fulfillment of the Course Requirements in COMM101 Expository Writing DEDICATION The researcher would like to dedicate this research to her family who had inspired her and supported her in making the research. She also dedicates this not only to her friends but also to all of the teenagers who are experiencing peer pressure. Good Friends and Not†¦ I. Peer Pressure A. Definition B. Types of Peer Pressure 1. Positive PeerRead MoreEffects Of Peer Pressure On Conformity1531 Words   |  7 PagesEffects of Peer Pressure on Conformity Jennifer Smith Argosy University Online Courses Research Methods PSY302 A02 Yvonne Bustamante April 13, 2016 Research Question and Hypothesis What are the effects of peer pressure on conformity? Peer influence increases during adolescence. Peer pressure can promote risky behaviors. (e.g.: Tobacco, alcohol, and drug use.) Peer pressure can lead to aggression. (e.g.: Hazing, teasing, ostracism can spark violence. Online hazing can trigger suicides.) Peer pressureRead MorePeer Pressure In Adolescence Essay1397 Words   |  6 Pagesare important issues throughout the lifespan, specifically during adolescence. Another large issue during adolescence is pressure from peers. These pressures can be intentional, or just driven by the pressure to fit in by matching other’s actions. One of the more interesting topics in this time of a person’s life is seeing how these two issues overlap. The affect of peer pressure on sexuality in adolescents is a large issue. Large enough to warrant representation in the media to raise some sort ofRead MorePositive Effect of Peer Pressure962 Words   |  4 Pages CONCEPT PAPER GUIDELINES I. TITLE Positive effect of peer pressure to teens II. INTRODUCTION A. Background of the study As children grow into preteens and then into teenagers, they often become less dependent on the family and more dependent on their peers when it comes to making choices and developing morals and values. Peer pressure can have a positive effect when it encourages teens to develop social skills necessaryRead MorePeer Pressure, Conformity And Rebellion Essay1586 Words   |  7 Pages Peer Pressure, Conformity and Rebellion How does peer pressure, conformity, and Rebellion affect Adolescents in society? Karla Rios Prof: Jocelyn Castillo Social Psychology Fall 2016 New Jersey City University Abstract The purpose of this literature review paper is to navigate and explore different effects in society towards peer pressure, conformity and rebellion. This study attempts to answer the following research questions: How does peer pressure, conformity, and rebellionRead MoreTaking a Look at Peer Pressure634 Words   |  3 PagesPeer pressure is the influence of one’s peer group. In our society today peer pressure has become very relevant all around us. A lot of peer pressure occurs in high school and college, where people are just trying to fit in. In the paper, I will talk about how peer pressure affects individuals, examples of peer pressure and In the first article, which is called Relationships between degrees of self-esteem and peer pressure in high school adolescents, it examines the relationship between youths’Read MorePositive Effect of Peer Pressure954 Words   |  4 Pages- CONCEPT PAPER GUIDELINES I. TITLE Positive effect of peer pressure to teens II. INTRODUCTION A. Background of the study As children grow into preteens and then into teenagers, they often become less dependent on the family and more dependent on their peers when it comes to making choices and developing morals and values. Peer pressure can have a positive effect when it encourages teens to develop social skills necessaryRead MoreWhen Scientists Sin, And Leonard Cassuto s Paper1261 Words   |  6 Pagesor make investments, money is an essential element of what drives the developed world. This concept has an immense impact on scientific research, and it is found to be especially prevalent within both Michael Shermer’s article â€Å"When Scientists Sin† and Leonard Cassuto’s paper â€Å"Big Trouble in the World of ‘Big Physics,’† chiefly through an emphasis on the pressure for scientists and the scientific community to provide results. While this is not surprising, the extent to which it is able to negativelyRead MoreAdvantages And Disadvantages Of Group Liability 1706 Words   |  7 Pagesresponsible for each other’s loans if one member defaults, versus individual liability, where only the borrower is at risk if they default. Group liability in microcredit purports to improve repayment rates through peer screening, monitoring, and enforcement. However, it may create excessive pressure, and discourage reliable clients from borrowing. (1) Summary of the Article: Researchers examined two trials conducted by the Green Bank of Caraga to evaluate the effects of group liability relative to individualRead MorePeer Pressure Affects Academic Performance of Second Year Students1117 Words   |  5 PagesTitle: Peer Pressure Affects Academic Performance of Second Year Students Dependent Variable: Academic performance of second year students Independent Variable: Peer Pressure Objective: To know how academic performance among second year high school students is being affected by peer pressure. Introduction: To be successful in life, one must begin by being successful in school. In high school, we were all told to work hard so that we could get good grades and scores that would get

Communication for the Deaf World is American Sign Language

The language in the Deaf-World is called signed language. In America it is called American Sign Language (ASL). Sign Language is different all over the world it is not universal. For Deaf people their language is the most important thing in their lives, it is who they are, it is their identity. Deaf people have a different culture and customs compared to the hearing world. They learn communication differently from hearing people. What people do not understand is that signed language is visual communication therefore the language is pictorial. ASL does have grammar there is a set of rules to follow for words and sentence formation. A transcription of ASL is called glosses their sentences are not as wordy as hearing people. For example, in chapter 3 of â€Å"A Journey into the Deaf-World† says, â€Å"Me mother responsible children me take-care-of fee clean list.† This translates for hearing people, â€Å"I’m a mother, which means I have a lot of responsibilities. I must take care of the children, feed them, clean them up- there’s a whole list.† People assume deaf people have only one sign for one word, which is not true at all. They have multiple signs for one word because just one word can have multiple meanings. Like the word run has different meanings, therefore there are different signs for the word run. The stages for deaf babies learning signed language are very similar to that of hearing babies learning spoken English. Just like hearing babies, deaf babies begin at the one-word stageShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Deafness On Deaf Children1669 Words   |  7 Pagesloss. The term Deaf is considered to be a disability solely on the fact that an individual who is Deaf is not â€Å"normal† due to their hearing loss. Most individuals do not believe that there are any benefits or positives from being Deaf, nor do they believe that a Deaf individual will ever be able to live a happy and fulfilled life. Deaf individuals do not view themselves as disabled nor do they view their lives as a loss, rather they view their Deafness as a Gain. This is called Deaf Gain, meaningRead MoreDeafness Has Been A Negative Label. Being Deaf Is Considered1528 Words   |  7 PagesDeafness has been a negative label. Being Deaf is considered to be a disability solely on the belief that an individual who is Deaf is not â€Å"normal† due to their hearing loss. Most individuals do not believe that there are any benefits or positives from being Deaf, nor do they believe that a Deaf individual will ever be able to live a happy and fulfilled life. However, Deaf individuals do not view themselves as disabled nor do they view their lives lacking anything, rather they view their DeafnessRead MoreAsl And The American Sign Language880 Words   |  4 PagesAmerican Sign Language is the interesting, logical, and fun to learn. ASL is the fourth most-used languages in the United States. ASL is used for hearing people to get th e messages across to Deaf people and Deaf community. Deaf people use American Sign Language to communicate with their friends, family or their loved one who is deaf. Now parents are teaching their babies to learn ASL. The American Sign Language gives children, their confidence, and self-esteem in their lives. Deaf Community vs. HardRead More Teachers Options Essay1716 Words   |  7 PagesTeachers Options There are many options open to teachers of deaf children in a variety of situations. In teaching deaf and hard of hearing children there is such a wide range of children, each with their own abilities. Each child also has a different family situation to take into account. Some children come from deaf families, some they are the only deaf family member, and some have no support from their families because they are deaf. There are also students that have family members that makeRead MoreDeaf Americans: Community and Culture1427 Words   |  6 PagesAn average of 90% of all babies born deaf or with some type of hearing loss are born to hearing parents. Deafness can be caused by a variety of things both genetic and environmental. Upon learning their child is deaf, most hearing families try to find ways to fix what they feel is a defect. However, deaf families rejoice in their childs deafness because now they have another person to strengthen the deaf community and carry on the Americ an Deaf culture. There are approximately 35 million peopleRead MoreHow the Deaf Communicate in a Hearing World Essay1671 Words   |  7 Pagesbetween a hearing world and a deaf one. One world is capable of hearing and the other involves no incoming source of sound whatsoever. Understanding how deaf culture and how the hard of hearing work and live is important in order to comprehend the reasons behind why they do the certain things they do such as stare at others for a long period of time or the reason why they perceive situations that they are placed in. In the world of the deaf, one who has been labeled with the term â€Å"deaf† has little toRead MoreDeafness : The Deaf World947 Words   |  4 Pages The Deaf World Naomi Huai Kim Ms. T. Bowman Advanced Composition 01 23 October, 2015 Deafness is a disability that affects about 70 million people in the world and approximately 380 thousand of those are in the United States of America (Mitchell). Deafness can be caused by infections, abnormal bone growth or tumors during childhood and it can form later in life (Mayo Clinic Staff). Deafness could also be genetics. There are multiple cases where a child is deaf because of a geneticRead MoreSigns Of The Deaf Community Sign Language1279 Words   |  6 PagesAmerican Sign Language There are thousands of languages spoken all over the world and hundreds spoken across the United States of America, but what about the language that isn’t technically spoken? The ability to speak in order to communicate is a privilege that most forget they have. Imagine the struggle of the injustice a person was served losing their ability to hear or speak normally. It’s heartbreaking because communication is so vital to a person’s life. However, imagine a system that allowsRead MoreHearing The Differences Of The Deaf Culture1617 Words   |  7 Pagesthe World Health Organization, there are 360 Million people in this world who live with a debilitating hearing loss. Hearing loss and deafness is more common than what it’s perceived to be. Hearing individuals may view people with a type of loss as a minority. Every minority group has their story to tell. The Deaf have a very unique story, but they are not a minority group but rather a culture. Carol Paden a uthor of Inside Deaf Culture defines a culture as a group of people that share language, valuesRead MoreEssay on Love in a Silent World905 Words   |  4 PagesArticle Report â€Å"Love in a Silent World† is an article explaining some deaf histories and deaf cultures by describing the backgrounds of a young deaf couple, Mike and Monica. Mike, a Gallaudet college sophomore, is a â€Å"manualist†, meaning that he â€Å"does not speak† and that he only communicates â€Å"through sign language†. Monica, a Gallaudet college freshman, on the other hand, is an â€Å"oralist†, which tells people that she has learned â€Å"speech and lipreading† and that she used to be forbidden to communicate

Mock Request for Proposal - 1105 Words

Request for Proposals Ethan Binkley ENG/221 April 23, 2013 Request for Proposals (RFP) for: A a t Administrative Assistant Temps Microsoft Office Training Services Administrative Assistant Temps (AAT) 555 N. Business Park Avenue Nowhere NY 95952 Section 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE COMPANY 1.1 Introduction Administrative Assistant Temps (AAT) is an agency designed to fill short term, administrative and secretarial positions for companies around the globe. We have been in business since 1990 and have more than twenty years of work experience. The men and women that make up our staff are trained in all aspects of administrative and secretarial duties, and are known for their professionalism throughout the†¦show more content†¦Central Standard Time. A vendor will be selected no later than two weeks after May 1st, 2013. Vendors will be selected based on the following criteria. 1. Qualifications and certifications of their employed trainers 2. Length of time they have been in business. 3. Reputation within the business community. 4. Their ability to work in conjunction with AAT and its affiliates. 5. The content of their references (if provided). CLOSING We here at Administrative Assistant Temps would like to thank you in advance for your proposal. We are excited and looking forward to working with other professionals as passionate about progress as we are. REFERENCES Dobrin, S. I., Keller, C. J., amp; Weisser, C. R. (2010). Technical Communication in the Twenty First Century (2nd ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Request For Proposals. (n.d.). Retrieved fromShow MoreRelatedA Modest Proposal Response846 Words   |  4 PagesModest Proposal Response Emily Pendyk Parsons AP English 11 December 18, 2011 Dear Mr. Smarmy: I am writing in response to your request of the elimination of Jonathan Swift’s â€Å"A Modest Proposal† from the classrooms, libraries, and the school system as a whole. Let me begin by telling you that I took what you said into deep consideration, but after discussing with the work with some of the English teachers at Martin’s Groves Junior High School and conducting research on my own time, it’sRead MoreDenTrain Tablets and Printers for Your Company Essay692 Words   |  3 PagesDenTrain is pleased to respond to your request for additional equipment to augment your earlier request. Tablets and printers are two critical tools in successfully achieving data visualization. Tablets mobilize your data and give your staff the ability to quickly present and modify your projects on the go. Choosing the right printer to finalize the representation of your data gives it that clean professional look that will set your firm apart from your competition. We can help you make the rightRead MoreLetter Chapter Probation Letter Draft1021 Words   |  5 PagesUpsilon Chapter Probation Letter Draft In April 2014, Fraternity Council placed Upsilon Chapter on a Warning of Probation for poor communication with the Fraternity, failure to follow Risk Management Procedures, and failure to follow previous requests to maintain Fraternity standards. This Warning of Probation was extended in April 2015 and again in February 2016. We are pleased with Upsilon Chapter’s progress. Chapter officers made great strides by implementing change, applying parliamentary procedureRead MoreProject Management At Delphi Printers Essay1329 Words   |  6 Pagesconsequences to the public.† (Kliem, PMP, Raph, L. pg. 22). The printer in the simulation may cause problems in the future if the printer were to be built in a rush or if a prototype has not been built. The prototypes are rough, not fully functional, mock-ups of the final product. However, it takes time to build these prototypes, be there will be an advantage of discovering any technical problems or unknown glitches. There are other unique circumstances of a project manager, for instance: project isRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Much Ado About Nothing1608 Words   |  7 Pageseavesdropping, into thinking that Beatrice loves him. Benedick states that her love must be requited and he will be horribly in love with her. This sudden change contrasts in his earlier, relationship with Beatrice in Act 2 Scene 1, where he ridicules and mocks her harshly, showing no signs of affection. His speech also contrasts with his earlier views on marriage, as he states that he did not think I would live till I was married, hinting at the fact that his views are now swaying. In Act 5 Scene 4, BenedickRead MoreThe Importance Of Being Earnest By Oscar Wilde942 Words   |  4 Pagesperiod. In this comedic drama, focusing on and analyzing certain minor characters leads to a more effective interpretation of the messages attempting to be portrayed to the audience. For example, through the persona of Lady Bracknell, Wilde effectively mocks the concept of marriage for social status rather than love. Additionally, interpreting the roles of the lower class servants allows the readers to internalize the desperate need for social reform that the author felt at the time period. Finally, theRead MoreEssay For Purpose1007 Words   |  5 Pagesscholars. Above 50 % of writers who came to the CSTW were ESL writers. Writing genres covered college compositions, research papers, multimodal texts, conference papers and posters, Master’s theses, dissertations, academic journal articles, grant proposals, and multimodal texts (e.g., websites, PowerPoint slides, and video clips). Types of writing consultations contained face-to-face, synchronous, and asynchronous consultations and semester-long writing groups. At the beginning of teaching and tutorialsRead MoreCongreves The Way of the World: A Play on Power and Provisos1205 Words   |  5 Pagesfly no further? (Congreve 67). The word choice alone indicates a direct reference to Apollos chase for Daphne and his crowning of the laurel wreath made from her branches. There is also a sense that Millamant has been flying away form his proposal but his words allude to a final capture despite her unwilling nature. Correspondingly, Mirabell treats Millamant as Apollo would Daphne: as a prize to be won, a woman to be caught. Mirabell sees her not as his equal, but someone he rightfully hasRead MoreESL Program Application Essay1049 Words   |  5 Pagesof writers who came to the CSTW were ESL writers. I worked with students on various writing genres, including college compositions, research papers, conference papers and posters, Master’s theses, dissertations, academic journal articles, grant proposals, job required materials, and multimodal texts (e.g., websites, PowerPoint slides, and video clips). Types of writing consultations contained face-to-face, synchronous, and asynchronous consultations and semester-long writing groups. At the beginningRead MoreWhat Is The Preparation Of Newsletters : Brexit?1595 Words   |  7 Pagesa. Preparation of Newsletters: Brexit The below procedure will be followed for the preparation of newsletters: 1. A request for a topic-based newsletter (e.g., Brexit or any other topic) will be initiated by Otsuka. 2. The TCS team will have a kick-off meeting with the Engagement Lead for understanding the expectation and specifications of the newsletter. 3. Based on the discussion and objectives set for the newsletter, the RT will search for the content (e.g., Brexit information / updates)

William Shakespeares Dramatic Use of the Supernatural in...

William Shakespeares Dramatic Use of the Supernatural in Macbeth Be sure to include the witches, the dagger, Banquos ghost, the apparitions and the Old man. There are many themes in Macbeth like ambition, loyalty and hypocrisy but Shakespeare has used the theme of the supernatural to create dramatic emphasis and suspicion. He has used the witches, dagger, Banquos ghost, the apparitions and the old man to create to add an element of the supernatural to Macbeth. Throughout the play the witches create a sense of mystery. The opening scene is significant because it puts the audience in fear. Fair is foul, and foul is fair This quote by the three witches is echoed throughout the play†¦show more content†¦The person has to choose there own destiny and Macbeth chooses to commit murders in order to get what he wants. And which is worse, all you have done Hath been but for a wayward son. This quote said be Hecate suggests that Macbeth planned his own destiny and the witches did not make him do anything. The witches do not tell Macbeth to kill Duncan or commit any other murders he does this by himself with the help of Lady Macbeth who tempts him so she can become queen. To alter favour ever is to fear. Leave all the rest to me. One murder leads to another and Macbeth feels that everyone is out to get him. This motivates him to meet the witches again who tell Macbeth 3 prophecies: that he should fear Macduff, he cannot be harmed by one born of a woman and that he is secure until Birnan Wood comes to Dunsinane. Throughout the play the witches appear and warn, predict and tempt Macbeth but in the end it was Macbeth who chose to commit all the murders. Apart from the witches, Shakespeare uses the dagger in Act 2 Scene 1 to make use of the supernatural. Banquo has a premonition that something is going to go wrong after his and Macbeths meeting with the witches. He talks to Macbeth about the witches who have given him reason to believe in them. I dreamd last night of the three weirdShow MoreRelated The Supernatural in Shakespeares Works Essay1747 Words   |  7 PagesThe Supernatural in Shakespeares Works No one questions the fact that William Shakespeare is a pure genius when it comes to creating immortal characters whose characteristics transcends those of the normal supernatural beings, but most students of literature agree that his uses of the supernatural aren’t merely figments of his creative imagination. Every man, woman, and child is influenced by the age into which they are born and Shakespeare was no exception. Not only does his use of supernaturalRead MoreOccult and Supernatural Elements in Macbeth1402 Words   |  6 PagesAlthough Macbeth is not classed as being a supernatural play or a play of the occult, there are some elements in the play that Shakespeare uses to effect. It is necessary however, to define what is meant by the terms ‘occult’ and ‘supernatural’: the term ‘occult’ is defined as being ‘supernatural beliefs, practises or phenomenon’ and the term ‘supernatural’ is defined as being â₠¬Ëœattributed to some force beyond scientific understanding or the laws of nature’; both these terms can be associated withRead MoreEssay on Dramatic Tension in Macbeth1644 Words   |  7 PagesDramatic Tension in Macbeth  Ã‚   Shakespeare’s play ‘Macbeth’ is set in Scotland during the rule of king Duncan. Macbeth has fought his way up the ranks of the army to become one of Duncan’s most trusted Lords. An encounter with three witches puts wickedness into the heart of an otherwise noble and loyal Macbeth.   Shakespeare’s brilliant use of dramatic irony, the supernatural, and indecision produce a dramatic tension that keeps the audience on the edge of their seats throughout the play. Read MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Macbeth As A Tragic Hero985 Words   |  4 PagesWilliam Shakespeare’s Macbeth (published 1623), a masterpiece, because of the number of issues it deals with in society both in Shakespeare’s time and modern society. He is regarded as the greatest English playwright of all time and has written many magnificent plays over the course of his lifetime. Shakespeare’s plays are still significant today as they cover many issues that we continue to f ace, such as racism (Shylock in Merchant of Venice), love (Romeo and Juliet), and the mysterious supernaturalRead MoreShakespeare and Supernatural Elements1772 Words   |  8 PagesNo one questions the fact that William Shakespeare is a pure genius when it comes to creating immortal characters whose characteristics transcends those of the normal supernatural beings, but most students of literature agree that his uses of the supernatural arent merely figments of his creative imagination. Every man, woman, and child is influenced by the age into which they are born and Shakespeare was no exception. Not only does his use of supernatural elements within his works reveal theRead MoreThe Importance of the Supernatural in Macbeth by William Shakespeare2937 Words   |  12 PagesImportance of the Supernatural in Macbeth by William Shakespeare The supernatural is to play an essential part in the play Macbeth; this is made clear from the first paragraph of the play, when the three witches are introduced. It is represented in many different forms, mainly: the witches, the dagger and the ghost of Banquo. Shakespeares use of imagery and creative language in the play creates tension, fear and clearly displays the importance of the supernatural theme. Read MoreAnalysis Of The Tragedy Of Macbeth1207 Words   |  5 Pages The ‘Tragedy of Macbeth’ (also known as ‘Macbeth’) is a play written by William Shakespeare and it was first performed in 1606. This play presents plenty of themes through the action and dialogue throughout the play. Although the play is universally and most commonly referred to as the dark tragedy presented by Shakespeare. The most common themes that were introduced to the audience tend to be femininity versus masculinity, pride and honor, the role of supernatural, temptation and evil and a lotRead MoreTension in Act 2, Scenes 1 and 2 of William Shakespeares Macbeth1004 Words   |  5 PagesTension in Act 2, Scenes 1 and 2 of William Shakespeares Macbeth Shakespeares Macbeth is a play that develops around tension all the way through. Shakespeare manages to create tension in a variety of ways in terms of the thematic aspects, linguistic aspects and dramatic aspects. Act II (scenes I and 11) is the part of Macbeth where Lady Macbeth and her husband (Macbeth) actually carry out their plans and do the deed. Instead of planning and talking about killingRead MoreMacbeth by Shakespeare and the Cinematic Interpretation by Roman Polanski1556 Words   |  7 PagesMacbeth by Shakespeare and the Cinematic Interpretation by Roman Polanski Macbeth is one of the great plays written by William Shakespeare in the sixteenth century ,over three and a half centuries ago .It is known all over the world and is still very popular even to this very day.It is the basis of many movies and theatrical plays .One film interpretation was made by Roman Polanski in 1971,centuries after it was first performed in Elizabethan sixteenth century England Read More The Influence of the Supernatural in William Shakespeares Macbeth2198 Words   |  9 PagesThe Influence of the Supernatural in William Shakespeares Macbeth Dramatic impact is the effect on the audience. Macbeth is a play designed to be performed for and to involve the audience. Dramatic influence is the way supernatural has effect upon the characters in the play. In Shakespeares time, most people believed in witches and witchcraft and they were the objects of morbid and fevered fascination. Persecution reached terrifying proportions. Between 1560 and

Perspectives on Society and Culture Essay Example For Students

Perspectives on Society and Culture Essay It is very difficult as a reader to make any sense of the ritualsperformed by the Nacirema. The Nacirema are a people who stress the importanceof physical wellness and go to great and to the outsider horrific lengths toensure this. A professor Linton was the first to shed light on the particularlybizarre lifestyle that is lived by the Nacirema. Physical wellness being soheavily stressed is not the bizarre aspect, it is the spiritual sense andseemingly blind faith they put into their beliefs that is bewildering. Thesepeople believe the human body is ugly and that it breeds disease. The Naciremapray daily through a private shrine in there house to , what seems to me cleanseand prevent, what to them lurks and breeds in our body. It is believed by thepeople that there is magical forces possesed in a chest in the shrine. Theseforces or magic is supplied through text by a medicine man who holds very highstature among the Nacirema. One part of the body that is seen to be excpeciallyunholy is the mouth. One major part of the cleansing of the mouth is done onceor twice a year by the holy mouth men. This is where the man uses exotic instruments to open holes larger indecaying teeth or even healthy teeth. The teeth, with nerve exposed, are stuffedwithmagicalmaterial to arrest decay. To the outsider this is torturous. Thereare many other disturbing body cleansing rituals like the baking of womensheads scheduled by the patterns of the moon. This culture is one of manycultures who put there faith in past on beliefs and go to seemingly horrificmeasures carrying them out. This article was frightening as well as uplifting to me. What wasfrightening to me is the fact that in the US these disturbing rituals takeplace. As I already stated as an outsider it is very difficult trying to makesense of these customs in terms of my society.I was being quite ethnocentric. Ittook me a while to get my stomach back and realize that these people are borninto this lifestyle. These rituals are apart of the religion they hold dear tothere heart. So yes, to the common white Irish Catholic this may be peculiar,but after some time it occurred to me, the beauty in such strong religiousdevotion. The Nacirema go to great lengths to, in there minds cleanse the unholybody. Although it may turn your stomach as well as mine, I believe we should becultural relativist, step back and respect such deep faith and belief. I alsobelieve there is a lesson to be learned here. For if our society as a wholeupheld and blindly excepted the teachings of our respected religions, we wouldliv e i n a safer and better educated society than we do today. Category: Social Issues

Decision Making and Problem Solving Methods

Question: Discuss about the Decision Making and Problem Solving Methods. Answer: Introduction 7-Eleven Stores Pty. Ltd., Australia is considered to be the first choice as far as convenience is concerned.7-Eleven is a private company, the ownership of which is in the hands of the Withers and Barlow family. The 7-Eleven company which is US based has the license of operating and franchising the 7-Eleven stores IN Australia. The company opened its first store in Australia in 1977 and at present over 615 stores are being operated by the company in the states of Australian Capital Territory, Victoria, New South Wales, Queensland and very recently it started its operations in Western Australia also. By means of these stores, 7-Eleven carries out over 185 million transactions during the course of a year which results in the generation of sales of almost $3.6 billion. Throughout the world, the company has been operating nearly 55,000 stores in 16 nations and opens almost six days in a day in some part of the world or the other (7-Eleven Stores, 2016). This report will take into account the management problems which are existing in the company in Australia. After the identification of these problems, framing of specific research questions will be done with the view of addressing problems or decisions of the management. A research program will also be designed for this purpose. Research will be carried out subsequent to the sourcing of data from secondary and primary. Thereafter an analysis of the findings will be done along with the identification of alternatives. For bringing improvements in the organizational performance, recommendations will be made. The persuasive report preparation will also be done for showing the manner in which the management can tackle the problem or the decision. Management Problem The biggest chain of convenience stores in Australia, 7-Eleven has been facing issues related to paying most of its staff wages which are as less as $10 per hour prior to tax and the own figures of the company indicate that almost two-thirds of the stores of the company have been ripping off the workers in this way. It has been revealed by the internal documents of the company that between the months of July and August in 2015, the payroll compliance was reviewed by the head office of 7-Eleven in 225 stores. As a result of this it was found out that 69 stores were facing issues in relation to the payroll. On the basis of the review of one month this is equal to one out of every four stores. These activities apparently extended beyond the case of wage frauds and included blackmails and passports as well as drivers licenses of the employees being withheld. The documents also revealed that laws are continuously being flouted and the staff is being underpaid even though they have been ca ught by Fair Work Ombudsman. Further investigations are still in progress (Ferguson et al., 2015). Research Questions What are the issues that the company is facing currently which have resulted in negative publicity for the organisation? What measures should the HR management of the company adopt in order to tackle the above issues? Designing a Research Program The framework which is chosen with the view of carrying out the study is known as the research design (Malhotra, 2011). The full plan in relation to the methods which the researchers will be using for the collection as well as the analysis of data in order to find the proper answers to the research questions will be contained in this part. Exploratory research design will be utilized in this study. The justification for using this design is that it will assist in detailed assessment of the reasons why the company has been getting negative publicity of late in Australia. This will also assist in finding out the measures which can be used by the companys HR managers in order to deal with the above issues. Research Strategy Research strategy comprises the plan for approaching the research questions (Neuman, 2004). The nature of the research strategy may be quantitative as well as qualitative. The study which is being conducted is exploratory in nature and its emphasis is on being descriptive in nature and hence qualitative research will be carried out. To give the researcher higher flexibility in the collection of data under natural settings, the design will be an emergent one (Creswell, 2003). Data Collection The instrument that was used for the collection of the data was an open ended questionnaire. There were five formal questions used for obtaining the responses from the participants who were selected for the study. Four HR managers of the company who are working across Australia were the respondents. The questionnaire was used so that good quality data could be collected and it was structures in accordance with the study so that data that was collected was relevant (Adler Clark, 2011). The questions on the issues related to business practices which are being faced by the company currently and the negative impact that it is having on it. They also included questions on the steps that the company is taking or needs to take for addressing these issues. The collected qualitative data was relevant from the perspective of the research questions. Secondary Research Data Reliable sources were utilized in order to collect secondary data for the study and then the information from the different sources was accumulated. The collection of secondary data for the study was primarily done from the various authentic websites and also the reports appearing in the different periodicals of the country. The publications as well as the academic journals which were relevant to the context of the study were also made use of in order to collect the secondary data. Data validation was done using the triangulation method. Sample for Primary Research The subset of the population that has been selected for the study forms the sample while the sample size is used to denote the number of respondents who comprise the sample (Adler Clark, 2011). For making a selection of the respondents, the method of convenience sampling was utilized and the managers were chosen on the basis of the ease with which they could be accessed by the researchers (Saunders et al., 2009). Secondary Research Reports have indicated that several franchisees of 7-Eleven in Australia have not paid the minimum entitlements that their workers have to the wages. They have also not been paid penalty rates for weekend as well as public holiday, loadings for the nightshifts and also the allowances which under awards that are applicable for a time period that are significant. Besides, employment records have not been maintained accurately and payroll records and time sheets have been fabricated to indicate that the employees have worked for lesser number of hours than they actually have. In some cases the vulnerability of the overseas students have been exploited and their visa restrictions have been used for keeping them silent. The revelations led to the revision of the business model that previously meant that the profits were shared in the ratio of 57:43 between the head office and the franchisees. In the revised models the stores get varied splits on the basis of their profits (Chung, 2016). Research also indicates that the non-compliance problem has a long history and some of them date back to the 1980s (Tham, 2016). Findings and Analysis of Primary Data HR managers of the 7-Eleven in Australia were interviewed for finding out their views on the business practices that were being followed by the franchisees of the company. The findings and the analysis were as follows Three of the four managers interviewed said that although there was a non-compliance of he federal laws with regards to minimum pay obligations and maintaining inaccurate records, it was the franchises of the company which were at fault and the company had nothing to do with the unfair practice. However, all of them were of the opinion that this issue was indeed having a negative impact and was resulting in negative publicity of the company. This, as per the four managers, the company needs to adopt measures for exercising a greater control over its franchises so that such a situation does not arise in future. The issues were being discussed at the top management level and the head office of 7-Eleven and soon the company was expected to come up with a solution to the problem and with measures that would help in controlling a further damage to its already tarnished image. Alternatives and Recommendations In light of the negative publicity that the organization has been facing, it is advisable that an audit is conducted and it should be considered that the business is unable to meet the requirements of minimum pay to its employees. The requirement for this situation is an action plan that should be put in place for rectifying the underpayments on a priority basis and to find out why the situation arose in the first place. The company needs to put in place suitable measures for ensuring that in future no such instances related to unlawful conduct occur and greater control needs to be exerted on the franchisees. It is recommended that the management reviews its business practices to resolve the issue and prevent further damage of the organizations reputation through negative publicity. The best way of combating this challenge will be avoid using the business models that are premised on the arrangements of illegal working. Additionally, the company should enter into a compliance partners hip with Fair Work Ombudsman in order to boost compliance with the federal laws related to the workplace and also review its operating model (McKeith, 2016). The company also needs to handle the complaints of its employees in a better way and keep a track of the demographics of the employees. Laws also need to be more strict for the franchisees (Colman et al., 2016). Self regulatory measures are needed in order to track down systematic non-compliance with the federal laws (The Conversation, 2016). Persuasive Report The case of 7-Eleven has highlighted the presence of non-compliance to the minimum pay obligations and maintenance of employment records by the organization which is a cause of major concern. The case is a good reminder to the HR managers regarding the need of ensuring that their business should meet the obligations of minimum pay to the employees of the organization and maintain employment records accurately. In case they fail to do these things, it can lead to a substantial amount of negative publicity like the one that 7-Eleven is experiencing currently. It might also lead to a number of sanctions for the business which might consist of civil penalties up to $54,000 for each breach along with the compensation orders for any sort of damage that might have been suffered due to the breach. Apart from this, the relevant HR managers as well as other individuals who might be having an involvement in this contravention may also be held liable personally and may be subjected to a civil pe nalty that might go up to an amount of $10,800 for every breach (Aldin, 2015). Thus, the HR managers of the company should audit their existing arrangements of pay in a careful manner in order to make sure that the obligations of minimum pay are satisfied and also the employment records are kept updated. In case of further clarities with respect to minimum entitlements which the staff needs to be provided with on the basis of the number of works that they put in, legal advice may be sought. A sustained change can take place in the behavior if 7-Eleven is able to drive it top-down. Greater control is needed over the franchisees and the company cannot wash its hands off from the mistakes that have been committed by the franchisees. 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